Perceptual decision making is the process by which animals detect, discriminate, and
categorize information from the senses. Over the past two decades, understanding how …

Flexibly selecting appropriate actions in response to complex, ever-changing environments
requires both cortical and subcortical regions, which are typically described as participating …

Persistent neural activity maintains information that connects past and future events. Models
of persistent activity often invoke reverberations within local cortical circuits, but long-range …

Internal states shape stimulus responses and decision-making, but we lack methods to
identify them. To address this gap, we developed an unsupervised method to identify …

Behavior relies on activity in structured neural circuits that are distributed across the brain,
but most experiments probe neurons in a single area at a time. Using multiple Neuropixels …

The superior colliculus is an evolutionarily conserved midbrain region that is thought to
mediate spatial orienting, including saccadic eye movements and covert spatial attention …

Action selection occurs through competition between potential choice options. Neural
correlates of choice competition are observed across frontal cortex and downstream …

Decision-making requires flexibility to rapidly switch one's actions in response to sensory
stimuli depending on information stored in memory. We identified cortical areas and neural …

When faced with predatory threats, escape towards shelter is an adaptive action that offers
long-term protection against the attacker. Animals rely on knowledge of safe locations in the …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a critical role in curbing impulsive behavior, but the
underlying circuit mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here we show that a subset …