This paper presents a comprehensive review of ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC)
actuators. Recently, strong emphasis has been put on investigating various ionic polymer …

Electromechanical coupling in electroactive polymers (EAPs) has been widely applied for
actuation and is also being increasingly investigated for sensing chemical and mechanical …

In this paper, we analytically and experimentally study the energy harvesting capability of
submerged ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). We consider base excitation of an …

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the use of ionic polymer‐metal composite
(IPMC) materials as mechanoelectrical transducers. Recently increasing emphasis has …

Ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMC) are smart material transducers that bend in
response to low-voltage stimuli and generate voltage in response to bending. IPMCs are …

Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are electroactive materials composed of a hydrated
ionomeric membrane that is sandwiched between noble metal electrodes. Here, we propose …

In this paper, we analyze the chemoelectrical behavior of ionic polymer metal composites
(IPMCs) in the small voltage range with a novel hypothesis on the charge dynamics in …

In this paper, we analyze the influence of electrode surface roughness and steric effects on
the nonlinear electromechanical behavior of ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). We …

In this paper, a novel method for fabrication of an ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC)-
based humidity sensor is developed and optimized. IPMC is a kind of smart material that can …

In this paper, we develop a physics-based model for the charge dynamics of ionic polymer
metal composites (IPMCs) in response to mechanical deformations. The proposed …