It has long been appreciated that the Gram-negative outer membrane acts as a permeability
barrier, but recent studies have uncovered a more expansive and versatile role for the outer …

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and persistence are associated with an elevated risk of
treatment failure and relapsing infections. They are thus important drivers of increased …

Antibiotic resistance is a major global health challenge and, worryingly, several key Gram
negative pathogens can become resistant to most currently available antibiotics. Polymyxins …

Colistin regained global interest as a consequence of the rising prevalence of multidrug-
resistant Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. In parallel, colistin-resistant bacteria emerged …

The genus Enterobacter is a member of the ESKAPE group, which contains the major
resistant bacterial pathogens. First described in 1960, this group member has proven to be …

Antibiotic resistance represents a global health threat, challenging the efficacy of traditional
antimicrobial agents and necessitating innovative approaches to combat infectious …

Gram-negative bacteria possess a complex cell envelope that consists of a plasma
membrane, a peptidoglycan cell wall and an outer membrane. The envelope is a selective …

Gram-negative bacteria and their complex cell envelope, which comprises an outer
membrane and an inner membrane, are an important and attractive system for studying the …

Antimicrobial resistance presents us with a potential global crisis as it undermines the
abilities of conventional antibiotics to combat pathogenic microbes. The history of …

Iron is an essential element for all microorganisms. Siderophores are low-weight, high-
affinity iron chelating molecules produced in response to iron deficiency by Gram-positive …