Fossil pollen records are well-established indicators of past vegetation changes. The
prevalence of pollen across environmental settings including lakes, wetlands, and marine …

Changes in the strength and position of Southern Hemisphere westerly winds during the
Last Glacial cycle have been invoked to explain both millennial and glacial–interglacial …

A set of coupled ocean-atmosphere simulations using state of the art climate models is now
available for the Last Glacial Maximum and the Mid-Holocene through the second phase of …

Evidence of the effect of external influences on the climate system has continued to
accumulate since the Third Assessment Report (TAR). The evidence now available is …

The importance of reconstructing past environments quantitatively in palaeoecology is
reviewed by showing that many ecological questions asked of palaeoecological data …

The ocean—the Earth's largest ecosystem—is increasingly affected by anthropogenic
climate change,. Large and globally consistent shifts have been detected in species …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the planktonic foraminifera as tracers of past
oceanic environments. Paleoceanography has always been closely connected with the …

Terrestrial and marine proxies (pollen, planktic and benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotopes,
alkenone-and foraminifer-derived sea-surface temperatures (SSTs), ice-rafted debris) from …

The Younger Dryas (YD) was a period of rapid climate cooling that occurred at the end of the
last glaciation. Here, we present the first palaeoglacier-derived reconstruction of YD …

The circulation of the deep Atlantic Ocean during the height of the last ice age appears to
have been quite different from today. We review observations implying that Atlantic …