Sleep spindles are burstlike signals in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the slee**
mammalian brain and electrical surface correlates of neuronal oscillations in thalamus. As …

Replay is the reactivation of one or more neural patterns that are similar to the activation
patterns experienced during past waking experiences. Replay was first observed in …

Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the
retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of “sleep and …

Sleep has been identified as a state that optimizes the consolidation of newly acquired
information in memory, depending on the specific conditions of learning and the timing of …

Until recently, the electrophysiological mechanisms involved in strengthening new
memories into a more permanent form during sleep have been largely unknown. The sleep …

Abstract Study Objectives: Thalamo-cortical spindles driven by the up-state of neocortical
slow (< 1 Hz) oscillations (SOs) represent a candidate mechanism of memory consolidation …

As critical as waking brain function is to cognition, an extensive literature now indicates that
sleep supports equally important, different yet complementary operations. This review will …

For the past two decades, it has generally been accepted that sleep benefits motor memory
consolidation processes. This notion, however, has been challenged by recent studies and …

Sleep benefits memory consolidation. The reviewed studies indicate that this consolidating
effect is not revealed under all circumstances but is linked to specific psychological …

Following learning, increased coupling between spindle oscillations in the medial prefrontal
cortex (mPFC) and ripple oscillations in the hippocampus is thought to underlie memory …