CRISPR–Cas systems provide resistance against foreign mobile genetic elements and have
a wide range of genome editing and biotechnological applications. In this Review, we …

Prokaryotes are equipped with a variety of resistance strategies to survive frequent viral
attacks or invading mobile genetic elements. Among these, CRISPR–Cas surveillance …

Many bacteria use CRISPR–Cas systems to combat mobile genetic elements, such as
bacteriophages and plasmids. In turn, these invasive elements have evolved anti-CRISPR …

To contend with the diversity and ubiquity of bacteriophages and other mobile genetic
elements, bacteria have developed an arsenal of immune defence mechanisms. Bacterial …

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains is a source of public health concern
across the globe. As the discovery of new conventional antibiotics has stalled significantly …

Many bacterial and archaeal organisms use clustered regularly interspaced short
palindromic repeats–CRISPR associated (CRISPR–Cas) systems to defend themselves …

Abstract The CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat
(CRISPR)) and the associated protein (Cas9) system, a young but well-studied genome …

CRISPR loci and Cas proteins provide adaptive immunity in prokaryotes against invading
bacteriophages and plasmids. In response, bacteriophages have evolved a broad spectrum …

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the
developed world. In recent decades, extraordinary effort has been devoted to defining the …

Bacteriophages are obligate parasites of bacteria characterized by the breadth of hosts that
they can infect. This “host range” depends on the genotypes and morphologies of the phage …