Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are traditionally used in fermentation and food preservation
processes and are recognized as safe for consumption. Recently, they have attracted …

There is a lack of efficient therapies to treat increasingly prevalent autoimmune diseases,
such as inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease. Membrane vesicles (MVs) isolated …

Abstract Purpose of Review Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
are frequent causes of infection among critically ill patients. VAP is the most common …

Acinetobacter spp., the nosocomial pathogen, forms strong biofilms and is resistant to
numerous antibiotics, causing persistent infections. This study investigates the antibacterial …

Background Bacteriocins are peptides with antibacterial properties that are released by
lactic acid bacteria and affect genetically closely related bacteria. Settled bacteriocin …

Background: Researchers had contradictory conclusions about the role of probiotics in
preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which has led to the controversial use of …

Introduction Understanding the presence and function of a diverse lung microbiome in acute
lung infections, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is still limited …

Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the common critical
complications of nosocomial infection (NI) in invasive mechanically ventilated intensive care …

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global challenge in the 21st century, validating Sir
Alexander Fleming's warning about the misuse of antibiotics leading to resistant microbes …