Biologists used to draw schematic “universal” trees of life as metaphors illustrating the
history of life. It is indeed a priori possible to construct an organismal tree connecting the …

Mitochondrial protein synthesis is essential for the production of components of the oxidative
phosphorylation system. RNA modifications in the mammalian mitochondrial translation …

Abstract tRNA are post-transcriptionally modified by chemical modifications that affect all
aspects of tRNA biology. An increasing number of mutations underlying human genetic …

It has been generally thought that tRNA modifications are stable and static, and their
frequencies are rarely regulated. N 6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) occurs at position …

The universal N 6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) modification occurs at position 37 of
tRNAs that decipher codons starting with adenosine. Mechanistically, t6A stabilizes …

The universal tRNA modification t6A is found at position 37 of nearly all tRNAs decoding
ANN codons. The absence of t6A37 leads to severe growth defects in baker's yeast …

Palaeontologically, eubacteria are> 3× older than neomura (eukaryotes, archaebacteria).
Cell biology contrasts ancestral eubacterial murein peptidoglycan walls and derived …

The tRNA modification field has a rich literature covering biochemical analysis going back
more than 40 years, but many of the corresponding genes were only identified in the last …

Post-transcriptional tRNA modifications are numerous and require a large set of highly
conserved enzymes in humans and other organisms. In yeast, the loss of many …

Threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6 A) is a modified nucleoside universally conserved in t RNA
s in all three kingdoms of life. The recently discovered genes for t6 A synthesis, including tsa …