Objectives To provide an overview and tutorial of natural language processing (NLP) and
modern NLP-system design. Target audience This tutorial targets the medical informatics …

Efforts to understand the brain bases of language face the Map** Problem: At what level
do linguistic computations and representations connect to human neurobiology? We review …

We design experiments to study $\textit {how} $ generative language models, like GPT, learn
context-free grammars (CFGs)--diverse language systems with a tree-like structure capturing …

Unlike our primate cousins, many species of bird share with humans a capacity for vocal
learning, a crucial factor in speech acquisition. There are striking behavioural, neural and …

Statistical machine translation (SMT) treats the translation of natural language as a machine
learning problem. By examining many samples of human-produced translation, SMT …

In this paper, we will describe a tree generating system called tree-adjoining grammar (TAG)
and state some of the recent results about TAGs. The work on TAGs is motivated by linguistic …

What is it that makes us human? This is one of the most challenging and important questions
we face. Our species' defining characteristic is language-we appear to be unique in the …

Neurolinguistic accounts of sentence comprehension identify a network of relevant brain
regions, but do not detail the information flowing through them. We investigate syntactic …

Progress in understanding cognition requires a quantitative, theoretical framework,
grounded in the other natural sciences and able to bridge between implementational …

This book introduces formal grammar theories that play a role in current linguistic theorizing
(Phrase Structure Grammar, Transformational Grammar/Government & Binding, Generalized …