Venoms have evolved on numerous occasions throughout the animal kingdom. These
'biochemical weapon systems' typically function to facilitate, or protect the producing animal …

The eukaryotic cell is a bustling collection of macromolecules acting cooperatively to
mediate the functions required for cell viability. Specific, context-dependent and tightly …

Spiders are diverse, predatory arthropods that have inhabited Earth for around 400 million
years. They are well known for their complex venom systems that are used to overpower …

Venoms comprise mixtures of peptides and proteins tailored by Natural Selection to act on
vital systems of the prey or victim. Here we review our proteomic protocols for uncoiling the …

Venoms are integrated phenotypes that evolved independently in, and are used for
predatory and defensive purposes by, a wide phylogenetic range of organisms. The same …

The Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles offers" one-stop shop**" to all biologists,
biochemists, toxicologists, physicians, clinicians, and epidemiologists, and informed …

Nature endowed snakes with a lethal secretion known as venom, which has been fine-tuned
over millions of years of evolution. Snakes utilize venom to subdue their prey and to survive …

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family proteins constitute a major class of
membrane-anchored multidomain proteinases that are responsible for the shedding of cell …

A deep understanding of the composition of venoms and of the principles governing the
evolution of venomous systems is of applied importance for exploring the enormous …

Animal venoms are theorized to evolve under the significant influence of positive Darwinian
selection in a chemical arms race scenario, where the evolution of venom resistance in prey …