PTEN is a phosphatase which metabolises PIP 3, the lipid product of PI 3-Kinase, directly
opposing the activation of the oncogenic PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling network. Accordingly …

Excitotoxicity, the specific type of neurotoxicity mediated by glutamate, may be the missing
link between ischemia and neuronal death, and intervening the mechanistic steps that lead …

Determining the pathogenicity of genetic variants is a critical challenge, and functional
assessment is often the only option. Experimentally characterizing millions of possible …

The tumor suppressor PTEN was originally identified as a negative regulator of the
phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, a main regulator of cell growth, metabolism and …

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a phosphatase that
is frequently altered in cancer. PTEN has phosphatase-dependent and-independent roles …

The PI3K-Akt pathway is a major survival pathway activated in cancer. Efforts to develop
targeted therapies have not been fully successful, mainly because of extensive internal …

The PTEN tumor suppressor is frequently affected in cancer cells, and inherited PTEN
mutation causes cancer-susceptibility conditions such as Cowden syndrome. PTEN acts as …

Membranes are essential for life. They act as semi-permeable boundaries that define cells
and organelles. In addition, their surfaces actively participate in biochemical reaction …

Exosomes are microvesicles of endosomal origin that are secreted, and their contents
(proteins, lipids, DNA, or microRNAs) can alter the physiological states of recipient cells. We …

Protein phosphorylation controls many aspects of cell fate and is often deregulated in
pathological conditions. Several recent findings have provided an intriguing insight into the …