Hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) are the most widespread class of cyanotoxins and the one
that has most often been implicated in cyanobacterial toxicosis. One of the main challenges …

Originally conceived as harmful metabolic byproducts, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are
now recognized as an integral part of numerous cellular programs. Thanks to their diverse …

Abstract Iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins are present in virtually all living organisms and are
involved in numerous cellular processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, metabolic …

Cyanobacteria are oxygen-evolving photoautotrophs with worldwide distribution in every
possible habitat, and they account for half of the global primary productivity. Because of their …

Extensive research revealed tremendous details about how plants sense pathogen effectors
during effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, less is known about downstream …

Despite recent elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of major photosynthetic
complexes, our understanding of light energy conversion in plant chloroplasts and …

The chloroplast has recently emerged as pivotal to co‐ordinating plant defence responses
and as a target of plant pathogens. Beyond its central position in oxygenic photosynthesis …

Both salinity and drought stand as significant abiotic stresses that adversely affect crop
production worldwide. While medicinal plants offer substantial economic and social benefits …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play fundamental roles in plant responses to pathogen
infection, including modulation of cell death processes and defense‐related gene …

Plants generally react to the attack of non-host and incompatible host microorganisms by
inducing pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and localised cell death (LCD) at the site of …