Parkinson's disease (PD) displays a greater prevalence and earlier age at onset in men.
This review addresses the concept that sex differences in PD are determined, largely, by …

Results of behavioral genetic and molecular genetic studies have converged to suggest that
both genetic and nongenetic factors contribute to the development of attention …

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Parkinson's disease (PD) affects millions around the world. The Braak hypothesis proposes
that in PD a pathologic agent may penetrate the nervous system via the olfactory bulb, gut …

Among the most widely used models of Parkinson's disease (PD) are those that employ
toxins, especially 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Depending on the …

The classical biogenic amine neurotransmitters—dopamine, noradrenaline, and 5-
hydroxytryptamine—control a variety of functions including locomotion, autonomic function …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common movement disorder. The
characteristic motor impairments-bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor-result from …

The mechanism by which psychostimulants act as calming agents in humans with attention-
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or hyperkinetic disorder is currently unknown. Mice …

Amphetamine (AMPH) inhibits uptake and causes release of dopamine (DA) from
presynaptic terminals. AMPH can act on both vesicular storage of DA and directly on the …

The discovery of causative genetic mutations in affected family members has historically
dominated our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease …