Executive summary Around the world, populations are ageing at a faster pace than in the
past and this demographic transition will have effects on all aspects of societies. In May …

Executive summary Despite substantial progress in reducing the global impact of many non-
communicable diseases, including heart disease and cancer, morbidity and mortality due to …

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially
modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation …

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of
death worldwide and imposes a substantial economic burden. Gaining a thorough …

Background Sex and gender shape health. There is a growing body of evidence focused on
comprehensively and systematically examining the magnitude, persistence, and nature of …

Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD
2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local …

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are highly prevalent and exact a large toll on individuals'
health, well‐being, and social functioning. Long‐lasting changes in brain networks involved …

Background Despite compelling evidence on the health hazards of tobacco products
accumulated over the past 70 years, smoking remains a leading cause of death worldwide …

As a leading behavioral risk factor for numerous health outcomes, smoking is a major
ongoing public health challenge. Although evidence on the health effects of smoking has …

Background The global burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and corresponding risk
factors in children older than 5 years and adults has not been studied as comprehensively …