Ecological data often show temporal, spatial, hierarchical (random effects), or phylogenetic
structure. Modern statistical approaches are increasingly accounting for such dependencies …

Mountains are pivotal to maintaining habitat heterogeneity, global biodiversity, ecosystem
functions and services to humans. They have provided classic model natural systems for …

Natural ecosystems store large amounts of carbon globally, as organisms absorb carbon
from the atmosphere to build large, long-lasting, or slow-decaying structures such as tree …

Aridity, which is increasing worldwide because of climate change, affects the structure and
functioning of dryland ecosystems. Whether aridification leads to gradual (versus abrupt) …

Permafrost degradation may induce soil carbon (C) loss, critical for global C cycling, and be
mediated by microbes. Despite larger C stored within the active layer of permafrost regions …

China's extensive planted forests play a crucial role in carbon storage, vital for climate
change mitigation. However, the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of China's planted forest …

Agriculture and the exploitation of natural resources have transformed tropical mountain
ecosystems across the world, and the consequences of these transformations for …

Fossil pollen records are well-established indicators of past vegetation changes. The
prevalence of pollen across environmental settings including lakes, wetlands, and marine …

Aim Generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM) is a powerful and unique method for
characterizing and predicting beta diversity, the change in biodiversity over space, time and …

Species distribution modelling (SDM), also called environmental or ecological niche
modelling, has developed over the last 30 years as a widely used tool used in core areas of …