The notion that prolonged, intense exercise causes an “open window” of immunodepression
during recovery after exercise is well accepted. Repeated exercise bouts or intensified …

Exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis is a well-known physiological adaptation
that occurs in humans in response to exercise training and can lead to endurance …

Monitoring the flow rate, cumulative loss and temperature of sweat can provide valuable
physiological insights for the diagnosis of thermoregulatory disorders and illnesses related …

Numerous studies over the last 35 years report an increase in upper respiratory infection
(URI) symptoms in athletes during periods of heavy training and competition. Challenges …

An ever-growing volume of peer-reviewed publications speaks to the recent and rapid
growth in both scope and understanding of exercise immunology. Indeed, more than 95% of …

Regular moderate exercise is associated with a reduced incidence of infection compared
with a completely sedentary state. However, prolonged bouts of strenuous exercise cause a …

Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections limit an athlete's availability to train and compete.
To better understand how sick an athlete will become when they have an infection, a …

Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid widely used in sports nutrition, especially
because of its immunomodulatory role. Notwithstanding, glutamine plays several other …

The profound effect of exercise on the normal functioning of the immune system has been
well-known. Exercise and immune regulation are interrelated and affect each other. Exercise …

Athletes fail to perform to the best of their ability if they become infected, stale, sore or
malnourished. Excessive training with insufficient recovery can lead to a debilitating …