Addiction is commonly identified with habitual nonmedical self-administration of drugs. It is
usually defined by characteristics of intoxication or by characteristics of withdrawal …

Dopamine (DA) transmission is governed by processes that regulate release from axonal
boutons in the forebrain and the somatodendritic compartment in midbrain, and by …

G protein-coupled dopamine receptors (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5) mediate all of the
physiological functions of the catecholaminergic neurotransmitter dopamine, ranging from …

Addiction is a state of compulsive drug use; despite treatment and other attempts to control
drug taking, addiction tends to persist. Clinical and laboratory observations have converged …

Abstract α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a 14 kDa protein of unknown function that has been
implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we show that α-Syn …

Parkinson's disease is a devastating neurological condition that affects at least four million
people. A striking feature of this disorder is the preferential loss of dopamine-producing …

Amphetamine and substituted amphetamines, including methamphetamine,
methylphenidate (Ritalin), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), and the herbs khat …

The fundamental principle that unites addictive drugs appears to be that each enhances
synaptic dopamine by means that dissociate it from normal behavioral control, so that they …

The classical biogenic amine neurotransmitters—dopamine, noradrenaline, and 5-
hydroxytryptamine—control a variety of functions including locomotion, autonomic function …

Dr. Jacqueline N. Crawley, author of the First and Second Editions of What's Wrong with My
Mouse? Behavioral Phenoty** of Transgenic and Knockout Mice, continues to field calls …