Accumulating research shows that prenatal exposure to maternal stress increases the risk
for behavioral and mental health problems later in life. This review systematically analyzes …

BACKGROUND The social environment shapes human health, producing strong
relationships between social factors, disease risk, and survival. The strength of these links …

Research on mechanisms underlying fetal programming of health and disease risk has
focused primarily on processes that are specific to cell types, organs or phenotypes of …

Fluctuations in abiotic and biotic conditions exist in almost all habitats (Dunlap, Loros, &
DeCoursey, 2004; Stevenson et al., 2015). Some fluctuations like the alternation between …

When considering neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), Schizophrenia (SZ) and Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are considered to be among the most severe in term of …

Abstract Background/Objectives Resilience, the ability to resist or recover from adverse
effects of a stressor, is of widespread interest in social, psychologic, biologic, and medical …

Telomeres are DNA structures that protect chromosome ends. However, telomeres shorten
during cell replication and at critically low lengths can reduce cell replicative potential …

Rates of human-induced environmental change continue increasing with human population
size, potentially altering animal physiology and negatively affecting wildlife. Researchers …

Maternal stress can prenatally influence offspring phenotypes and there are an increasing
number of ecological studies that are bringing to bear biomedical findings to natural …

Stress experienced during early life may have lasting effects on the immune system, with
impacts on health and disease dependent on the nature and duration of the stressor. The …