Optogenetics ushered in a revolution in how neuroscientists interrogate brain function.
Because of technical limitations, the majority of optogenetic studies have used low spatial …

Recent progress in fluorescence imaging allows neuroscientists to observe the dynamics of
thousands of individual neurons, identified genetically or by their connectivity, across …

Establishing how neural function emerges from network properties is a fundamental problem
in neuroscience. Here, to better understand the relationship between the structure and the …

Spontaneous synchronous activity is a hallmark of develo** brain circuits and promotes
their formation. Ex vivo, synchronous activity was shown to be orchestrated by a sparse …

The goal of computer-generated holography (CGH) is to synthesize custom illumination
patterns by modulating a coherent light beam. CGH algorithms typically rely on iterative …

Since the introduction of calcium imaging to monitor neuronal activity with single-cell
resolution, optical imaging methods have revolutionized neuroscience by enabling …

Advances in optical manipulation and observation of neural activity have set the stage for
widespread implementation of closed-loop and activity-guided optical control of neural …

Understanding brain function requires technologies that can control the activity of large
populations of neurons with high fidelity in space and time. We developed a multiphoton …

Optogenetic control of individual neurons with high temporal precision within intact
mammalian brain circuitry would enable powerful explorations of how neural circuits …

Light-gated ion channels and pumps have made it possible to probe intact neural circuits by
manipulating the activity of groups of genetically similar neurons. What is needed now is a …