Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a substantial threat to human health. The widespread
prevalence of AMR is, in part, due to the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes …

Since the first genome-scale comparisons, it has been evident that the genomes of many
species are unbound by strict vertical descent: Large differences in gene content can occur …

Phages and plasmids are regarded as distinct types of mobile genetic elements that drive
bacterial evolution by horizontal gene transfer. However, the distinction between both types …

Plasmids can mediate horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance, virulence genes, and
other adaptive factors across bacterial populations. Here, we analyze genomic composition …

Prokaryotes have numerous mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that mediate horizontal gene
transfer (HGT) between cells. These elements can be costly, even deadly, and cells use …

Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics used since the 1940s to primarily treat a broad
spectrum of bacterial infections. The primary resistance mechanism against these antibiotics …

The IS 6 family of bacterial and archaeal insertion sequences, first identified in the early
1980s, has proved to be instrumental in the rearrangement and spread of multiple antibiotic …

In biological systems, evolutionary innovations can spread not only from parent to offspring
(ie vertical transmission), but also 'horizontally'between individuals, who may or may not be …

Introduction Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major agent of healthcare-associated infections and
a cause of some community-acquired infections, including severe bacteremic infections …

Naturally occurring plasmids come in different sizes. The smallest are less than a kilobase of
DNA, while the largest can be over three orders of magnitude larger. Historically, research …