The aim of this review is to consider the potential benefits that females may gain from mating
more than once in a single reproductive cycle. The relationship between non-genetic and …

The application of molecular genetic techniques has revolutionized our view of avian mating
systems. Contrary to prior expectations, birds are only very rarely sexually monogamous …

This chapter considers the phenomenon of human paternal investment in terms of the
benefits of providing care to children and the costs of investment from the males' …

Sexual and asexual reproduction are found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms.
Asexual reproduction has its advantages, chief among which is that it does not require the …

A fully updated guide to the increasingly prevalent use of molecular data in ecological
studies Molecular ecology is concerned with how molecular biology and population genetics …

In more than 95% of mammalian species, males provide little direct investment in the well-
being of their offspring. Humans are one notable exception to this pattern and, to date, the …

Competition over mates takes many forms and has far-reaching consequences for many
organisms. Recent work suggests that relative reproductive rates of males and females …

▪ Abstract Extra-pair paternity (EPP) is extremely variable among species of birds, both in its
frequency and in the behavioral events that produce it. A flood of field studies and …

Molecular techniques used to assign paternity have revealed previously unknown
incidences of extra-pair paternity in socially monogamous bird species. DNA fingerprinting …

Variation in the extent of sexual dimorphism among bird species is traditionally attributed to
differences in social mating system. However, there are many different forms of dimorphism …