Liquid water is a basic ingredient for life as we know it. Therefore, in order to understand the
habitability of other planets we must first understand the behavior of water on them. Mars is …

A committee of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) has reviewed and
updated the description of Special Regions on Mars as places where terrestrial organisms …

Slope streaks are prevalent and intriguing dark albedo surface features on contemporary
Mars. Slope streaks are readily observed in the equatorial and subequatorial dusty regolith …

Despite radically different environmental conditions, terrestrial and martian dunes bear a
strong resemblance, indicating that the basic processes of saltation and grainfall (sand …

Fungi thrive in radiation intense environments. Sequential photos document that fungus-like
Martian specimens emerge from the soil and increase in size, including those resembling …

Brines, ie aqueous salty solutions, increasingly play a role in a better understanding of
physics and chemistry (and eventually also putative biology) of the upper surface of Mars …

Long, narrow grooves found on the slopes of martian sand dunes have been cited as
evidence of liquid water via the hypothesis that melt-water initiated debris flows eroded …

Mars has been subject to repeated waxing and waning episodes of extreme chaotic
obliquity (axial tilting) for at least four billion years. Obliquity is currently at 25.19 degrees …

Liquid water may exist on the Martian surface today, albeit transiently and in a metastable
state under the low atmospheric surface pressure,. However, the identification of liquid water …

There is life on Mars as documented with 100 comparative photos. This evidence includes
pigmented/melanized fungi and lichens, fungi shedding crustose and secreting calcium …