In recent years, along with the extraordinary diffusion of the Internet and a growing need for
personal verification in many daily applications, automatic signature verification is being …

Nowadays, the verification of handwritten signatures has become an effective research field
in computer vision as well as machine learning. Signature verification is naturally formulated …

Offline signature forgery detection has attracted many researchers in recent years. In real
situations, signatures should be detected from the signed documents and verified by the …

Handwritten signatures are very important in our social and legal life for verification and
authentication. A signature can be accepted only if it is from the intended person. The …

Recently, deep convolutional neural networks have been successfully applied in different
fields of computer vision and pattern recognition. Offline handwritten signature is one of the …

A person's handwritten signature, one of the methods frequently used to confirm their
identity, is used exclusively to confirm the biometric identification of different financial, legal …

Signatures are widely used to validate the authentication of an individual. A robust method is
still awaited that can correctly certify the authenticity of a signature. The proposed solution …

In recent years, biometric signature verification (BSV) has been considered with renewed
interest with increasing need of security and individual verification and authentication …

Cyber security comprises of technologies, architecture, infrastructure, and software
applications that are designed to protect computational resources against cyber-attacks …

Background: With the increasing advancement of technology, it is necessary to develop
more accurate, convenient, and cost-effective security systems. Handwriting signature, as …