Feed efficiency is one of the economically important traits for the cattle industry that affects
profit (feed costs) and the environment (production of manure and methane). Due to that …

The extensive development of the ruminant forestomach sets apart their N economy from
that of nonruminants in a number of respects. Extensive pregastric fermentation alters the …

The efficiency of N utilization in ruminants is typically low (around 25%) and highly variable
(10% to 40%) compared with the higher efficiency of other production animals. The low …

The renal medulla produces concentrated urine through the generation of an osmotic
gradient extending from the cortico-medullary boundary to the inner medullary tip. This …

Inefficient dietary nitrogen (N) conversion to microbial proteins, and the subsequent use by
ruminants, is a major research focus across different fields. Excess bacterial ammonia (NH …

The transport of nitrogen across the rumen epithelium is characterized by absorption of
ammonia from the rumen and by an influx of urea into the rumen. The transport rates of both …

ARTICLE INFO Abstract The major sources of nitrogen (N2) in the diet of mammals are
amino acids and peptides derived from ingested proteins. The immediate end product of …

We evaluated expression of 50 genes encoding enzymes involved in metabolism, cellular
growth, and various transporters in ruminal epithelium tissue when calves were fed …

Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) is correlated with N balance, N intake, and dietary N content, and
thus is a good indicator of proper feeding management with respect to protein. It is …

Background Preweaned rumen development is vital for animal health and efficient
fermentation. In this study, we integrated ruminal transcriptomic and metagenomic data to …