Ionic liquids (ILs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them advantageous for
catalysis, such as low vapor pressure, non-flammability, high thermal and chemical …

Carbon-carbon coupling is the most important reaction in chemical, academia, and industrial
scales. The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is a cross-coupling reaction in which the coupling …

Carbon-based materials are widely employed as metal-free catalysts or supports in
catalysis, energy, and ecological applications because of their interesting properties …

The story of C− C bond formation includes several reactions, and surely Suzuki‐Miyaura is
among the most outstanding ones. Herein, a brief historical overview of insights regarding …

Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions, central tools in fine-chemical synthesis,
predominantly employ soluble metal complexes despite recognized challenges with product …

Transition metal-catalysed cross-coupling is a versatile tool for the construction of (hetero)
biaryl scaffolds. However, the cross-electrophile coupling using abundant (hetero) aryl …

Palladium catalysed cross-couplings reactions have been a dominant method in synthetic
chemistry for decades. Despite this, the role of the solvent is often taken for granted and …

Direct (hetero) arylation polymerization (DHAP) has recently been established as an
environmentally benign method for the preparation of conjugated polymers. This synthetic …

Environmental profiles for the selected metals were compiled on the basis of available data
on their biological activities. Analysis of the profiles suggests that the concept of toxic heavy …

In the present review, we consider the transformations of molecular catalysts, leaching,
aggregation and various interconversions of metal complexes, clusters and nanoparticles …