During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), Western North America experienced episodes
of intense aridity that persisted for multiple decades or longer. These megadroughts are well …

Sclerochronological analysis of shell midden faunal remains offers a unique opportunity to
study climate and environmental change in relation to human activity. Middens exist near …

Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key to
placing industrial-era warming into the context of natural climatic variability. Here we present …

The oceanographic conditions in the Gulf of Maine, Scotian Shelf, Slope Sea, and
surroundings are determined by interplay of two major circulation systems—the Gulf Stream …

MATTERS ARISING NATURE GEOSCIENCE they do not directly respond to the AMOC and
their signal may be compromised by other non-physical factors. For instance, the Sherwood …

Unsustainable fishing simplifies food chains and, as with aquaculture, can result in reliance
on a few economically valuable species. This lack of diversity may increase risks of …

Widely distributed proxy records indicate that the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA;~ 900–
1350 AD) was characterized by coherent shifts in large-scale Northern Hemisphere …

Within the last Millennium, the transition between the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ca.
1000–1300CE) and the Little Ice Age (LIA; ca. 1400–1800CE) has been recorded in a …

Multidecadal variability in the Atlantic Ocean and its importance to the Earth's climate system
has been the subject of study in the physical oceanography field for decades. Only recently …

High-resolution environmental proxy data from the extratropical North Atlantic prior to the
instrumental era are of critical importance to decipher processes and mechanisms of global …