The one-dimensional deformation of shape memory alloy (SMA) wires and springs can be
implemented into different types of functional structures with three-dimensional …

Rapid biological movements, such as the extraordinary strikes of mantis shrimp and
accelerations of jum** insects, have captivated generations of scientists and engineers …

The limited force or torque outputs of miniature magnetic actuators constrain the locomotion
performances and functionalities of magnetic millimeter-scale robots. Here, we present a …

Insects perform feats of strength and endurance that belie their small stature. Insect-scale
robots—although subject to the same scaling laws—demonstrate reduced performance …

Jum** on water is a unique locomotion mode found in semi-aquatic arthropods, such as
water striders. To reproduce this feat in a surface tension–dominant jum** robot, we …

Knowing when the geodynamo started is important for understanding the evolution of the
core, the atmosphere, and life on Earth. We report full-vector paleointensity measurements …

Efficient and effective generation of high-acceleration movement in biology requires a
process to control energy flow and amplify mechanical power from power density–limited …

Underactuated systems offer compact design with easy actuation and control but at the cost
of limited stable configurations and reduced dexterity compared to the directly driven and …

Jum** is a locomotion strategy widely evolved in both invertebrates and vertebrates. In
addition to terrestrial animals, several aquatic animals are also able to jump in their specific …