Climate change has been partially mitigated by an increasing net land carbon sink in the
terrestrial biosphere; understanding the processes that drive this sink is thus essential for …

Regardless of annual rainfall amount changes, daily rainfall events are becoming more
intense but less frequent with anthropogenic warming. Larger rainfall events and longer dry …

Anthropogenic activities profoundly impact soil organic carbon (SOC), affecting its
contribution to ecosystem services such as climate regulation. Here, we conducted a …

Previous evaluations on the biophysical potential of forest carbon sink have focused on
forestation area distribution and the associated carbon stock for equilibrium-state forests …

Compound drought–heatwave (CDHW) events are one of the worst climatic stressors for
global sustainable development. However, the physical mechanisms behind CDHWs and …

Although elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) has substantial indirect effects on
vegetation carbon uptake via associated climate change, their dynamics remain unclear …

Terrestrial ecosystems are essential for food and water security and CO2 uptake. Ecosystem
function is dependent on the availability of soil moisture, yet it is unclear how climate change …

Land degradation reduces soil functioning and, consequently, the services that soil
provides. Soil hydrological functions are critical to combat soil degradation and promote soil …

Despite the growing interest in predicting global and regional trends in vegetation
productivity in response to a changing climate, changes in water constraint on vegetation …

Drylands are an essential component of the Earth System and are among the most
vulnerable to climate change. In this Review, we synthesize observational and modelling …