Cilia and flagella are fundamental units of motion in cellular biology. These beating, hair-like
organelles share a common basic structure but maintain widely varying functions in systems …

Echoing the repeated convergent evolution of flight and vision in large eukaryotes,
propulsive swimming motility has evolved independently in microbes in each of the three …

Mechanical work serves as the foundation for dynamic cellular processes, ranging from cell
division to migration. A fundamental driver of cellular mechanical work is the actin …

INTRODUCTION Motile cilia and flagella are highly conserved, hairlike appendages of
eukaryotic cells that propel the movement of cells or fluids. They play important roles in the …

Reproduction, development and homeostasis depend on motile cilia, whose rhythmic
beating is powered by a microtubule-based molecular machine called the axoneme …

The rheological properties of the extracellular fluid in the female reproductive tract vary
spatiotemporally, however, the effect on the behaviour of epithelial cells that line the tract is …

Apical cilia on epithelial cells defend the lung by propelling pathogens and particulates out
of the respiratory airways. Ciliated cells produce ATP that powers cilia beating by densely …

Flagellar-driven motility grants unicellular organisms the ability to gather more food and
avoid predators, but the energetic costs of construction and operation of flagella are …

A pair of extensively modified microtubules form the central apparatus (CA) of the axoneme
of most motile cilia, where they regulate ciliary motility. The external surfaces of both CA …

Cilia and flagella are model systems for studying how mechanical forces control
morphology. The periodic bending motion of cilia and flagella is thought to arise from …