Haze is a common phenomenon afflicting Southeast Asia (SEA), including Malaysia, and
has occurred almost every year within the last few decades. Haze is associated with high …

This review paper presents an assessment of the current state of knowledge and capability
in seasonal climate prediction at the end of the 20th century. The discussion covers the full …

Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the most important parameters in the global ocean-
atmospheric system, changes of which can have profound effects on the global climate and …

Sea surface temperature (SST) is a vitally important parameter of the global ocean, which
can profoundly affect the climate and marine ecosystems. To achieve an accurate and …

Machine learning methods originated from artificial intelligence and are now used in various
fields in environmental sciences today. This is the first single-authored textbook providing a …

Empirical or statistical methods have been introduced into meteorology and oceanography
in four distinct stages: 1) linear regression (and correlation), 2) principal component analysis …

Critical reviews of forecasts of ENSO conditions, based on a set of 15 dynamical and
statistical models, are given for the 1997–98 El Niño event and the initial stages of the 1998 …

Sea surface temperature (SST) is an important physical factor in the interaction between the
ocean and the atmosphere. Accurate monitoring and prediction of the temporal and spatial …

Due to the application demand, users have higher expectations for the accuracy and
resolution of sea surface temperature (SST) products. Recent advances in deep learning …

Prediction of Surface Sea Temperature (SST) is of great importance in seasonal forecasts in
the region and beyond, mainly due to its significant role in global atmospheric circulation. On …