Preeclampsia evolves in 2 stages: a placental problem that generates signals to the mother
to cause a range of responses that comprise the second stage (preeclampsia syndrome) …

The root cause of preeclampsia is the placenta. Preeclampsia begins to abate with the
delivery of the placenta and can occur in the absence of a fetus but with the presence of …

The placenta is essential for the efficient delivery of nutrients and oxygen from mother to
fetus to maintain normal fetal growth. Dysfunctional placental development underpins many …

Background The production of peroxide and superoxide is an inevitable consequence of
aerobic metabolism, and while these particular'reactive oxygen species'(ROSs) can exhibit a …

As an essential component of the maternal-fetal interface, the placental syncytiotrophoblast
layer contributes to a successful pregnancy by secreting hormones necessary for …

Citation Sharp AN, Heazell AEP, Crocker IP, Mor G. Placental apoptosis in health and
disease. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 64: 159–169 Apoptosis, programmed cell death, is an …

Background Phthalate exposure occurs readily in the environment and has been associated
with an array of health end points, including adverse birth outcomes. Some of these may be …

The success of pregnancy is a result of countless ongoing interactions between the placenta
and the maternal immune and cardiovascular systems. Pre‐eclampsia is a serious …

Preeclampsia is the most severe type of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, affecting one in
10 pregnancies worldwide and increasing significantly maternal and neonatal morbidity and …

Phthalates, as other endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), may alter the homeostasis and
the action of hormones and signaling molecules, causing adverse health outcomes. This is …