Image segmentation techniques: statistical, comprehensive, semi-automated analysis and an application perspective analysis of mathematical expressions

Sakshi, V Kukreja - Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 2023 - Springer
Segmentation has been a rooted area of research having diverse dimensions. The roots of
image segmentation and its associated techniques have supported computer vision, pattern …

Advancing the state of the art for handwritten math recognition: the CROHME competitions, 2011–2014

H Mouchère, R Zanibbi, U Garain… - International Journal on …, 2016 - Springer
The CROHME competitions have helped organize the field of handwritten mathematical
expression recognition. This paper presents the evolution of the competition over its first 4 …

A retrospective study on handwritten mathematical symbols and expressions: Classification and recognition

V Kukreja - Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 2021 - Elsevier
Context: Many scientific and technical literature documents contain MSs and MEs that are
more challenging to be recognized by computers than plain text. The recognition of HMSE …

Recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions using 2D stochastic context-free grammars and hidden Markov models

F Álvaro, JA Sánchez, JM Benedí - Pattern Recognition Letters, 2014 - Elsevier
This paper describes a formal model for the recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical
expressions using 2D stochastic context-free grammars and hidden Markov models. Hidden …

Challenges in end-to-end neural scientific table recognition

Y Deng, D Rosenberg, G Mann - … International Conference on …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
In recent years, end-to-end trained neural models have been applied successfully to various
optical character recognition (OCR) tasks. However, the same level of success has not yet …

A dive in white and grey shades of ML and non-ML literature: a multivocal analysis of mathematical expressions

Sakshi, V Kukreja - Artificial Intelligence Review, 2023 - Springer
With the advent and advancement of machine learning and deep learning techniques,
machine-based recognition systems for mathematical text have captivated the attention of …

Online handwritten mathematical expression recognition and applications: A survey

D Zhelezniakov, V Zaytsev, O Radyvonenko - IEEE Access, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Handwritten mathematical expressions are an essential part of many domains, including
education, engineering, and science. The pervasive availability of computationally powerful …

A new approach for recognizing handwritten mathematics using relational grammars and fuzzy sets

S MacLean, G Labahn - International Journal on Document Analysis and …, 2013 - Springer
We present a new approach for parsing two-dimensional input using relational grammars
and fuzzy sets. A fast, incremental parsing algorithm is developed, motivated by the two …

ConvMath: a convolutional sequence network for mathematical expression recognition

Z Yan, X Zhang, L Gao, K Yuan… - 2020 25th International …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Despite the recent advances in optical character recognition (OCR), mathematical
expressions still face a great challenge to recognize due to their two-dimensional graphical …

Image to LaTeX with graph neural network for mathematical formula recognition

S Peng, L Gao, K Yuan, Z Tang - … 5–10, 2021, Proceedings, Part II 16, 2021 - Springer
Mathematical formula recognition aims to automatically convert formula images into their
structured description formats. Recently, some encoder-decoder models have been …