In fish, DNA vaccines have been shown to give very high protection in experimental facilities
against a number of viral diseases, particularly diseases caused by rhabdoviruses …

Double-stranded RNA virions are transcriptionally competent icosahedral particles that must
translocate across a lipid bilayer to function within the cytoplasm of the target cell …

Protein cages and virus-like particles are often thought of as highly uniform structures that
obey strict geometric rules for self-assembly. Yet, there is a growing number of examples …

RNA interference (RNAi) is a crucial antiviral defense mechanism in insects, including the
major mosquito species that transmit important human viruses. To counteract the potent …

Genome-binding proteins with scaffolding and/or regulatory functions are common in living
organisms and include histones in eukaryotic cells, histone-like proteins in some double …

To overcome their limited genetic capacity, numerous viruses encode multifunctional
proteins. The birnavirus VP3 protein plays key roles during infection, including scaffolding of …

Infectious bursal disease (IBD), triggered by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV),
poses a substantial risk to the poultry industry due to its immunosuppressive nature and the …

The infectious bursal disease virus T= 13 viral particle is composed of two major proteins,
VP2 and VP3. Here, we show that the molecular basis of the conformational flexibility of the …

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the dsRNA Birnaviridae family, is an
important immunosuppressive avian pathogen. We have identified a strictly conserved …

Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) are two key infectious diseases
that significantly threaten the health of the poultry industry. Although existing vaccinations …