Jupiter's icy moon, Europa, harbors a subsurface liquid water ocean; the prospect of this
ocean being habitable motivates further exploration of the moon with the upcoming NASA …

Pressures in the hydrospheres of large ocean worlds extend to ranges exceeding those in
Earth deepest oceans. In this regime, dense water ices and other high-pressure phases …

NASA's New Horizons spacecraft has revealed the complex geology of Pluto and Charon.
Pluto's encounter hemisphere shows ongoing surface geological activity centered on a vast …

Abstract Many icy Solar System bodies possess subsurface oceans. On Pluto, Sputnik
Planitia's location near the equator suggests the presence of a subsurface ocean and a …

Before NASA's Dawn mission, the dwarf planet Ceres was widely believed to contain a
substantial ice-rich layer below its rocky surface. The existence of such a layer has …

The vast, deep, volatile-ice-filled basin informally named Sputnik Planum is central to Pluto's
vigorous geological activity,. Composed of molecular nitrogen, methane, and carbon …

The New Horizons (NH) flyby of the Pluto–Charon binary planet and its system of four small
surrounding satellites in mid-2015 revolutionized our knowledge of this distant planet and its …

Compositional heterogeneities within Europa's ice shell likely impact the dynamics and
habitability of the ice and subsurface ocean, but the total inventory and distribution of …

Pluto's landscape is shaped by the endless condensation and sublimation cycles of the
volatile ices covering its surface. In particular, the Sputnik Planitia ice sheet, which is thought …

Impacts into icy bodies often generate near‐surface melt chambers and thermal
perturbations that soften the ice. We explore the post‐impact evolution of non‐penetrating …