Almost 2 billion adults in the world are overweight, and more than half of them are classified
as obese, while nearly one-third of children globally experience poor growth and …

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious pregnancy complication, in which women
without previously diagnosed diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia during gestation. In …

The human body hosts an enormous abundance and diversity of microbes, which perform a
range of essential and beneficial functions. Our appreciation of the importance of these …

It is now generally accepted that vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem that
affects not only musculoskeletal health but also a wide range of acute and chronic diseases …

Maternal and paternal factors influence offspring development and program its genome for
successful postnatal life. Based on the stressors during gestation, the pregnant female …

Many prospective studies have shown that if a mother is depressed, anxious or stressed
while pregnant, this increases the risk for her child having a wide range of adverse …

The brain, endocrine, and immune systems are inextricably linked. Immune molecules have
a powerful impact on neuroendocrine function, including hormone–behavior interactions …

Psychosocial maternal stress experienced during different vulnerable periods throughout
gestation is thought to increase the individual's risk to develop neuropsychiatric …

The placenta is essential for the efficient delivery of nutrients and oxygen from mother to
fetus to maintain normal fetal growth. Dysfunctional placental development underpins many …

The search for the causes of chronic adult diseases and the way to prevent them has largely
failed. For example, there are now 350 million people around the world who have type 2 …