Physiological whole saliva is a unique body fluid constantly washing the mucous
membranes of the mouth, throat, and larynx. Saliva is a clear, slightly acidic mucinous …

The profound effect of exercise on the normal functioning of the immune system has been
well-known. Exercise and immune regulation are interrelated and affect each other. Exercise …

Despite much progress in regulations to improve paediatric drug development, there
remains a significant need to develop better medications for children. For the design of oral …

Saliva is a very complex fluid and it is essential to maintain several physiological processes
and functions, including oral health, taste, digestion and immunological defenses. Saliva …

The use of Raman spectroscopy combined with saliva is an exciting emerging spectroscopy-
biofluid combination. In this review, we summarize current methods employed in such …

Parental stress is a universal experience for parents who have children diagnosed with CHD
and has been studied within the context of the child's illness, but not through a broader …

Saliva analysis has been gaining interest as a potential non-invasive source of disease
indicative biomarkers due to being a complex biofluid correlating with blood-based …

Introduction The pursuit of easy-to-use, non-invasive and inexpensive diagnostics is an
urgent task for clinicians and scientists. Saliva is an important component of body fluid with …

Background B cells represent a crucial component of adaptive immunity that ensures long-
term protection from infection by generating pathogen-specific immunoglobulins. Exercise …

Physiological and biological markers in different body fluids are used to measure the body's
physiological or pathological status. In the field of sports and exercise medicine, the use of …