Mutualisms (cooperative interactions between species) have had a central role in the
generation and maintenance of life on earth. Insects and plants are involved in diverse forms …

A growing number of studies on naturally occurring plant species have shown that plant-
plant interactions for pollination vary from competitive to facilitative. In reviewing the seven …

Anthropogenic climate change is widely expected to drive species extinct by hampering
individual survival and reproduction, by reducing the amount and accessibility of suitable …

Bee pollinators are currently recorded with many different sampling methods. However, the
relative performances of these methods have not been systematically evaluated and …

The spatial heterogeneity of urban landscapes, relatively low agrochemical use, and
species-rich floral communities often support a surprising diversity of wild pollinators in …

We analysed the dynamics of a plant–pollinator interaction network of a scrub community
surveyed over four consecutive years. Species composition within the annual networks …

Studies of pairwise interactions have shown that an alien plant can affect the pollination of a
native plant, this effect being mediated by shared pollinators. Here we use a manipulative …

Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the
female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural …

Vigorous discussion of the degree of specialization in pollination interactions, combined with
advances in the analysis of complex networks, has revitalized the study of entire plant …

Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 69–74 Abstract Climate change has led to phenological shifts in
flowering plants and insect pollinators, causing concern that these shifts will disrupt plant …