Simple Summary Ammonia nitrogen is a common environmental limiting factor in
aquaculture, which can accumulate rapidly in water and reach toxic concentrations. In most …

Glutamate is present in the brain at an average concentration—typically 10–12 mM—far in
excess of those of other amino acids. In glutamate-containing vesicles in the brain, the …

Glutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes condensation of ammonia with glutamate to glutamine.
Glutamine serves, with alanine, as a major nontoxic interorgan ammonia carrier. Elimination …

A study was carried to test the response of yellow catfish for 28 days under two ammonia
concentrations. Weight gain of fish exposure to high and low ammonia abruptly increased at …

The four experimental groups were carried out to test the response of grass carp
Ctenopharyngodon idella to ammonia toxicity and taurine: group 1 was injected with NaCl …

Astrocyte dysfunction and excessive activation of glutamatergic systems have been
implicated in a number of neurologic disorders, including periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) …

Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, and, while
considerable progress has been made in understanding its pathophysiology, the lack of …

Background & Aims In liver failure, ammonia homeostasis is dependent upon the function of
the ammonia metabolising enzymes, glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutaminase (GA) but …

Human phosphate‐activated glutaminase (GA) is encoded by two genes: GLS and GLS2.
Glioblastomas (GB) usually lack GLS2 transcripts, and their reintroduction inhibits GB …

Ammonia is a product of amino acid metabolism that accumulates in the blood of patients
with liver cirrhosis, leading to neurotoxic effects and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). HE …