A questionnaire to survey the common petrological monitoring procedures adopted by
volcano monitoring institutions has been developed, aimed at identifying prevailing …

Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are hazardous and destructive phenomena that pose a
significant threat to communities living in the proximity of active volcanoes. PDCs are ground …

Accurate measurements of volcanic ash morphology are critical to improving both our
understanding of fragmentation processes and our ability to predict particle behaviour. In …

Analyses of volcanic ash are typically performed either by qualitatively classifying ash
particles by eye or by quantitatively parameterizing its shape and texture. While complex …

The majority of Earth's volcanic eruptions occur beneath the sea, but the limited number of
direct observations and samples limits our understanding of these unseen events. Subaerial …

Juvenile pyroclasts, especially in the ash size range, provide important information on
primary fragmentation processes, ie, initial explosive magma fragmentation, and on the state …

To quantify the size of tephra, two practical challenges must be addressed: the wide range of
particle sizes (10− 8-10 1 m) and the diversity of particle shape, density and optical …

The occurrence of groundmass crystals reveals the shallow conduit process of magmas,
which affects the behavior of eruptions. Here, we analyzed groundmass microtextures of ash …

Uncertainty in the physicochemical and optical properties of volcanic ash particles creates
errors in the detection and modeling of volcanic ash clouds and in quantification of their …

Volcanic ash provides unique pieces of information that can help to understand the progress
of volcanic activity at the early stages of unrest, and possible transitions towards different …