Conopeptides are a diverse group of recently evolved venom peptides used for prey capture
and/or defense. Each species of cone snails produces in excess of 1000 conopeptides, with …

Ziconotide is a powerful analgesic drug that has a unique mechanism of action involving
potent and selective block of N-type calcium channels, which control neurotransmission at …

ω-Conotoxins selective for N-type calcium channels are useful in the management of severe
pain. In an attempt to expand the therapeutic potential of this class, four new ω-conotoxins …

Ziconotide is a selective, potent and reversible blocker of neuronal N-type voltage-sensitive
calcium channels (VSCCs). Morphine is an agonist of μ-opioid receptors and inhibits N-type …

Pain is an unpleasant sensation experienced when tissues are damaged. Thus, pain
sensation in some way protects body from imminent threat or injury. Peripheral sensory …

Abstract Ziconotide (SNX-111), a selective blocker of neuronal N-type voltage-sensitive
calcium channels, is antinociceptive when it is administered intrathecally. It is currently …

Ziconotide is a nonopioid intrathecal analgesic drug used to manage moderate to severe
chronic pain. The aim of this work is to assess the safety and efficacy of intrathecal (IT) …

N-type (Cav2. 2) voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) transduce electrical activity into
other cellular functions, regulate calcium homeostasis and play a major role in processing …

There are approximately 500 species of predatory cone snails within the genus Conus. They
comprise what is arguably the largest single genus of marine animals alive today. It has …

Calcium influx through neuronal voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCS) mediates
nociceptive information in the spinal dorsal horn. In fact, spinally administered VSCCS …