During a stress condition, the human body synthesizes catecholamine neurotransmitters
and specific hormones (called “stress hormones”), the most important of which is cortisol …

Sleep is a fundamental process in mammals, including domestic dogs. Disturbances in
sleep affect physiological functions like cognitive and physical performance, immune …

During a stress condition, the human body synthesizes catecholamine neurotransmitters
and specific hormones (called “stress hormones”), the most important of which is cortisol …

Ordinal time series analysis is based on the idea to map time series to ordinal patterns, ie,
order relations between the values of a time series and not the values themselves, as …

Clinical and experimental data from the last nine decades indicate that the preoptic area of
the hypothalamus is a critical node in a brain network that controls sleep onset and …

Abstract Study Objectives Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly involves degeneration of
sleep-wake regulating brainstem nuclei; likewise, sleep-wake disturbances are highly …

Recently, the sleep-wake states have been analysed using novel complexity measures,
complementing the classical analysis of EEGs by frequency bands. This new approach …

Quantifying the complexity of the EEG signal during prolonged wakefulness and during
sleep is gaining interest as an additional mean to characterize the mechanisms associated …

Rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) is characterized by the appearance of fast,
desynchronized rhythms in the cortical electroencephalogram (EEG), similar to wakefulness …

Urethane is a general anaesthetic widely used in animal research. The state of urethane
anaesthesia is unique because it alternates between macroscopically distinct electrographic …