Over 600 million years ago, animals evolved from a unicellular or colonial organism whose
cell (s) captured bacteria with a collar complex, a flagellum surrounded by a microvillar …

This revision of the classification of eukaryotes, which updates that of Adl et al.[J. Eukaryot.
Microbiol. 52 (2005) 399], retains an emphasis on the protists and incorporates changes …

Integrin receptor activation initiates the formation of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) at
the cell membrane that transduce adhesion-dependent signals to control a multitude of …

Talin has emerged as the key cytoplasmic protein that mediates integrin adhesion to the
extracellular matrix. In this Review, we draw on experiments performed in mammalian cells …

The first animals evolved from an unknown single-celled ancestor in the Precambrian
period. Recently, the identification and characterization of the genomic and cellular traits of …

Introduction An understanding of ctenophore biology is critical for reconstructing events that
occurred early in animal evolution. The phylogenetic relationship of ctenophores (comb …

How animals evolved from a single-celled ancestor, transitioning from a unicellular lifestyle
to a coordinated multicellular entity, remains a fascinating question. Key events in this …

The emergence of animals from their unicellular ancestors is a major evolutionary event.
Thanks to the study of diverse close unicellular relatives of animals, we now have a better …

Sponges are an ancient group of animals that diverged from other metazoans over 600
million years ago. Here we present the draft genome sequence of Amphimedon …

The integrin family of transmembrane adhesion receptors is essential for sensing and
adhering to the extracellular environment. Integrins are heterodimers composed of non …