Abstract The Proterozoic Eon spans Earth's middle age during which many important
transitions occurred. These transitions include the oxygenation of the atmosphere …

This Chapter considers triple oxygen isotope variations and their 4 Gyr temporal evolution in
bulk siliciclastic sedimentary rocks and in granites. The d18O and∆′ 17O values provide …

The global biosphere is commonly assumed to have been less productive before the rise of
complex eukaryotic ecosystems than it is today. However, direct evidence for this assertion …

It has been hypothesized that the overall size of—or efficiency of carbon export from—the
biosphere decreased at the end of the Great Oxidation Event (GOE)(ca. 2,400 to 2,050 Ma) …

The availability of molecular oxygen shapes the size and structure of Earth's biosphere.
Geological and geochemical records imply that, for most of the Precambrian (the entirety of …

Mesophyll conductance to CO2 from the intercellular air space to the CO2–H2O exchange
site has been estimated using δ18O measurements (g m18). However, the g m18 estimates …

The field of isotope geochemistry began with the study of oxygen isotope geothermometry,
most notably for carbonates. For traditional oxygen isotope geothermometry only the …

Triple oxygen isotope measurements are an emerging tool in paleoclimate reconstructions.
In this contribution we develop the application of triple oxygen isotope measurements to …

Sulfate is the most abundant electron acceptor in the ocean today. A large fraction of the
buried organic matter in marine sediments is re-mineralized through microbial sulfate …

Analyzing classic 18O/16O ratios in solids, liquids and gases has proven useful in almost
every branch of earth science. As reviewed in this book, additional 17O analysis generally …