The diffraction limit is a fundamental barrier in optical science and engineering. It limits the
minimum feature size in surface patterning technologies, such as lithography and laser …

Over the course of millions of years, nature has evolved to ensure survival and presents us
with a myriad of functional surfaces and structures that can boast high efficiency …

The demand for optical components such as microlenses has been growing at a rapid rate
in recent years. While conventional methods for manufacturing these components are well …

Microlenses have become an indispensable optical element in many optical systems. The
advancement of technology has led to a wider variety of microlenses fabrication methods …

Multi-scale structures are ubiquitous in biological systems. However, manufacturing man-
made structures with controllable features spanning multiple length scales, particularly down …

Grayscale lithography allows the creation of micrometer-scale features with spatially
controlled height in a process that is fully compatible with standard lithography. Here, solid …

Structural colors are known for their tunability, fade resistance, and eco‐friendliness. Recent
advancements have shown that such colors can be efficiently produced using total internal …

This work reports a novel method for monolithic fabrication of high numerical aperture
polymer microlens arrays (high-NA MLAs) with high packing density (PD) at wafer level. The …

The advanced optical and wetting properties of metamaterials, plasmonic structures, and
nanostructured surfaces have been repeatedly demonstrated in lab-scale experiments …

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood have been recognized as a general
biomarker for diagnosing cancer and providing guidance for personalized treatments. Yet …