Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS‐D) and functional diarrhoea (FDr) are the two
major functional bowel disorders characterized by diarrhoea. In spite of their high …

Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory disease of the large intestine associated with
urgent watery diarrhoea. MC may occur in people of all ages, although the disease primarily …

Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease divided into two subtypes: collagenous
colitis and lymphocytic colitis. With an increasing incidence of microscopic colitis exceeding …

Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated condition triggered by gluten
consumption in genetically predisposed individuals. Approximately 1% of the general …

1 ESGE suggests performing segmental biopsies (at least two from each segment), which
should be placed in different specimen containers (ileum, cecum, ascending, transverse …

From a physiological standpoint, aging is a progressive reduction in each organ system's
capacity to maintain homeostasis in the face of illness or stressors. With advancing age …

Background The association between autoimmune diseases and microscopic colitis
remains uncertain. Aims To describe the association between autoimmune diseases and …

Abstract Purpose of Review Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy revolutionized the
treatment of multiple solid and hematologic malignancies. Yet, with it came profound …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic diseases characterized by
recurring periods of exacerbation and remission. Fibrosis of the intestine is one of the most …

Background Whereas the exact aetiology of microscopic colitis [MC] remains unknown, a
dysregulated immune response to luminal factors or medications is the most accepted …