The immune and nervous systems have unique developmental trajectories that individually
build intricate networks of cells with highly specialized functions. These two systems have …

The extracellular forms of the IL‐1 cytokines are active through binding to specific receptors
on the surface of target cells. IL‐1 ligands bind to the extracellular portion of their ligand …

Increasing evidence points to a central role for immune dysregulation in autism spectrum
disorder (ASD). Several ASD risk genes encode components of the immune system and …

Rare copy-number variation (CNV) is an important source of risk for autism spectrum
disorders (ASDs). We analyzed 2,446 ASD-affected families and confirmed an excess of …

The autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of conditions characterized by
impairments in reciprocal social interaction and communication, and the presence of …

There is increasing evidence that autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) can arise from rare
highly penetrant mutations and genomic imbalances. The rare nature of these variants, and …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental diseases that affect an alarming
number of individuals. The etiological basis of ASD is unclear, and evidence suggests it …

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition
that can be reliably diagnosed at age 24 months. Immunological phenomena, including …

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the most common
developmental disorders present in humans. Combined, they affect between 3 and 5% of …

Mutations in more than 450 different genes have been associated with intellectual disability
(ID) and related cognitive disorders (CDs), such as autism. It is to be expected that this …