The role of PD-1 in acute and chronic infection

JM Jubel, ZR Barbati, C Burger, DC Wirtz… - Frontiers in …, 2020‏ - frontiersin.org
PD-1 as an immune checkpoint molecule down-regulates T cell activity during immune
responses in order to prevent autoimmune tissue damage. In chronic infections or tumors …

Intracellular pathogens: host immunity and microbial persistence strategies

A Thakur, H Mikkelsen… - Journal of immunology …, 2019‏ - Wiley Online Library
Infectious diseases caused by pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites
are ranked as the second leading cause of death worldwide by the World Health …

HIV‐associated chronic immune activation

M Paiardini, M Müller‐Trutwin - Immunological reviews, 2013‏ - Wiley Online Library
Systemic chronic immune activation is considered today as the driving force of CD 4+ T‐cell
depletion and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A residual chronic immune …

Natural regulatory T cells in infectious disease

Y Belkaid, BT Rouse - Nature immunology, 2005‏ - nature.com
This review discusses the control exerted by natural CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (natural
Treg cells) during infectious processes. Natural Treg cells may limit the magnitude of effector …

Extracellular ATP and adenosine: The Yin and Yang in immune responses?

MM Faas, T Sáez, P De Vos - Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 2017‏ - Elsevier
Abstract Extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine molecules are
intimately involved in immune responses. ATP is mostly a pro-inflammatory molecule and is …

Regulatory T cells and infection: a dangerous necessity

Y Belkaid - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2007‏ - nature.com
Surviving a given infection requires the generation of a controlled immune response. Failure
to establish or restore homeostatic conditions during or following the onset of an infection …

Potential role of interleukin-10-secreting regulatory T cells in allergy and asthma

CM Hawrylowicz, A O'garra - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2005‏ - nature.com
Allergic diseases are caused by aberrant T-helper-2 immune responses in susceptible
individuals. Both naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells and inducible …

Regulatory T cells: friend or foe in immunity to infection?

KHG Mills - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2004‏ - nature.com
Homeostasis in the immune system depends on a balance between the responses that
control infection and tumour growth and the reciprocal responses that prevent inflammation …

The development and function of regulatory T cells

CJ Workman, AL Szymczak-Workman… - Cellular and molecular …, 2009‏ - Springer
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a critical subset of T cells that mediate peripheral tolerance.
There are two types of Tregs: natural Tregs, which develop in the thymus, and induced …

IL-10–producing and naturally occurring CD4+ Tregs: limiting collateral damage

A O'Garra, PL Vieira, P Vieira, AE Goldfeld - The Journal of clinical …, 2004‏ - jci.org
Effective immune responses against pathogens are sometimes accompanied by strong
inflammatory reactions. To minimize damage to self, the activation of the immune system …