Active matter, which ranges from molecular motors to groups of animals, exists at different
length scales and timescales, and various computational models have been proposed to …

We review theoretical models of individual motility as well as collective dynamics and
pattern formation of active particles. We focus on simple models of active dynamics with a …

Flocking behaviour is often presented as an example of a self-organized process, where
individuals continuously negotiate on the direction of travel and compromise by moving …

Social organisation in animals takes many forms. It includes assemblages of territorial
animals, dominance hierarchies and social groups, among other things. The basic tenet that …

Collective motion is ubiquitous in nature; groups of animals, such as fish, birds, and
ungulates appear to move as a whole, exhibiting a rich behavioral repertoire that ranges …

We review the observations and the basic laws describing the essential aspects of collective
motion—being one of the most common and spectacular manifestation of coordinated …

The spontaneous emergence of pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature, often arising as a
collective phenomenon from interactions among a large number of individual constituents or …

Animals often travel in groups, and their navigational decisions can be influenced by social
interactions. Both theory and empirical observations suggest that such collective navigation …

One characteristic feature of soft matter systems is their strong response to external stimuli.
As a consequence they are comparatively easily driven out of their ground state and out of …

Fish schooling is a phenomenon of long-lasting interest in ethology and ecology, widely
spread across taxa and ecological contexts, and has attracted much interest from statistical …