Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is an important mechanism leading to post ischemic
stroke damage. After acute stroke, the sudden reduction in cerebral blood flow is most …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with devastating symptoms,
including memory impairments and cognitive deficits. Hallmarks of AD pathology are …

Since Cajal's first drawings of Golgi stained neurons, generations of researchers have been
fascinated by the small protrusions, termed spines, studding many neuronal dendrites. Most …

Schizophrenia is a common disease with a complex aetiology, probably involving multiple
and heterogeneous genetic factors. Here, by analysing the exome sequences of 2,536 …

Many crowded biomolecular structures in cells and tissues are inaccessible to labelling
antibodies. To understand how proteins within these structures are arranged with nanoscale …

Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species, referred to as ROS, RNS, and RSS,
respectively, are produced during normal cell function and in response to various stimuli. An …

Gut microbiota can influence the aging process and may modulate aging‐related changes in
cognitive function. Trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of intestinal flora, has …

Synapses connect neurons together to form the circuits of the brain, and their molecular
composition controls innate and learned behavior. We analyzed the molecular and …

Synapses are found in vast numbers in the brain and contain complex proteomes. We
developed genetic labeling and imaging methods to examine synaptic proteins in individual …

The postsynaptic side of the synapse is specialized to receive the neurotransmitter signal
released from the presynaptic terminal and transduce it into electrical and biochemical …