Blockchain consensus protocols have been a focus of attention since the advent of Bitcoin.
Although classic distributed consensus algorithms made significant contributions to the …

Since the advent of distributed ledger technologies, they have provided diverse
opportunities in a wide range of application domains. This article brings a comprehensive …

Blockchains have seen growing traction with cryptocurrencies reaching a market cap of over
1 trillion dollars, major institution investors taking interests, and global impacts on …

Blockchain is an inspiring emerging technology that takes much attention from various
researchers and companies. The technology offers various benefits such as data security …

Blockchain-based decentralized cryptocurrencies have drawn much attention and been
widely-deployed in recent years. Bitcoin, the first application of blockchain, achieves great …

Since the inception of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technology
have attracted an increasing interest from both academia and industry. Among various core …

Blockchain technology is believed by many to be a game changer in many application
domains. While the first generation of blockchain technology (ie, Blockchain 1.0) is almost …

The past decade has witnessed the rapid evolution in blockchain technologies, which has
attracted tremendous interests from both the research communities and industries. The …

The key challenges of the building, engineering, construction, operations, and mining
(BECOM) industries are the lack of trust, inefficiencies, and the fragmentation of the …

We study the problem of building a verifiable delay function (VDF). A VDF VDF requires a
specified number of sequential steps to evaluate, yet produces a unique output that can be …